How is Europe doing in AI? – Part 2: Fabrication and lithography

Building an AI model and running it: this part analyses the models themselves, the chips they run on, and the buildings that house them.

How is Europe doing in AI?

Every AI response looks weightless. Behind it sits one of the most concentrated industrial supply chains ever built. Who controls each layer — and where does Europe actually hold leverage?

The Missing Piece of the Euro

Europe runs on payment rails it doesn’t own. The digital euro is the first serious attempt to change that – and the fight over it has already begun. Sofia runs a hair salon in Madrid. On her door, a handwritten sign reads: ‘Cash preferred. Card minimum €10.’ That sign is not a quirk of preference, […]

Could Europe be switched off?

Could Europe Be Switched Off? Someday, Someone could decide to switch Europe off. Not through a dramatic blackout like the one recently seen in Spain — though that offered a glimpse of how fragile complex systems can become under stress. More likely, it would happen quietly. Almost invisibly. No sudden collapse. No warning sirens. Just […]

The Opium War 4.0

As the saying goes, history always repeats itself: first as a tragedy, and later as a farce. The European political debate today is saturated with discussions about free speech – a debate that increasingly appears to pit European governments against the United States’ government and its most prominent supporting tech oligarch, Elon Musk. The script […]